2103

Either the bystander who wrote it or the officer who requested and then received it can authenticate it. They are the only ones with personal knowledge of the event (the preparation of the statement). The first is direct evidence, the second is circumstantial evidence

For the bystander, the two questions are easy:

1) Do you remember what you said to the police officer? (personal knowledge)
2) Are these your words? (authentication)

For the officer, the foundation is similar

1) Do you remember what the witness said to you? (personal knowledge)
2) Are these her words? (authentication)

Questions? Email tanford@indiana.edu, and refer to 2103

How would you authenticate the police report itself? I can think of at least two different ways. When you think you know the answer, click here.